Fractures

• A fracture is a partial or complete break of a bone, caused by a force that exceeds its resistance.

• They can be:

  • Closed: the skin remains intact.

  • Open: the bone breaks through the skin.

• Common symptoms: severe pain, deformity, swelling, and bruising.

Fracture-Dislocations

• A complex injury that combines:

  • Dislocation: displacement of a joint.

  • Fracture: break of one or more bones.

• Requires specialized medical care.

• May occur in joints such as:

  • Ankle

  • Elbow

  • Spine